World History this day

1260 -- The Mamluks defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut in Palestine
1658 -- Richard Cromwell became Lord Protector of England and his dad's religiofascist state began to collapse.
1879 -- Afghan troops took out the British Residency in Kabul which had been imposed on Afghanistan by force
1939 -- France, the UK, New Zealand and Australia declared war on Germany
1941 -- Karl Fritzsch, experimented with Zyklon B for gassing Soviet POWs at Auschwitz
1943 -- The Allied invasion of Italy began and Ike and Badoglio signed the Armistice of Cassibile
1944 -- Anne Frank and her family were sent to Auschwitz via train
1971 -- Qatar became an independent state

US History this day

1783 -- The Treaty of Paris between the US and the Kingdom of Great Britain ended the US revolution
1838 -- Frederick Douglass escaped from slavery.
1855 -- 700 soldiers under General William S. Harney attacked a Souix village in Nebraska killing 100 men, women and children

Science & Technology this day

1925 -- The first US built rigid airship, USS Shenandoah, was destroyed in a squall line over in Ohio
1935 -- Sir Malcolm Campbell reached a speed of 304.331 miles per hour at the Bonneville Salt Flats
1976 -- Viking 2 landed on mars

The Arts this day
1802 -- William Wordsworth composed the sonnet "Composed upon Westminster Bridge"

Misc. this day

Birthdays of Note this day

1596 -- Nicola Amati, musical instrument maker
1695 -- Pietro Locatelli, viola player and composer
1803 -- Prudence Crandall, established the first integrated classroom in the US
1849 -- Sarah Orne Jewett, author and poet
1875 -- Ferdinand Porsche, engineer
1907 -- Loren Eiseley, anthropologist and author
1915 -- Memphis Slim, pianist, singer and songwriter
1923 -- Mort Walker, cartoonist
1925 -- Hank Thompson, guitarist, singer and songwriter
1929 -- Whitey Bulger, businessman
1933 -- Tompall Glaser, singer and songwriter
1934 -- Freddie King, singer, songwriter and guitarist
1942 -- Al Jardine, guitarist, singer and songwriter
1945 -- George Biondo, bassist and songwriter
1955 -- Steve Jones, singer, songwriter and guitarist

Deaths of Note this day

1658 -- Oliver Cromwell, religiofascist English general and politician
1883 -- Ivan Turgenev, author
1962 -- e. e. cummings, pOet anD plaYWright
1970 -- Alan Wilson, singer, songwriter, hrmonica player and guitarist
1974 -- Harry Partch, composer and music theorist, used a 43 tone scale, etc.
2001 -- Pauline Kael, film critic
2012 -- Sun Myung Moon, Yet Another Messiah, tax fraudster, everybody's true dad, RWNJ

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Sir Malcolm Campbell

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Pietro Locatelli

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Memphis Slim

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Hank Thompson

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Tompall Glaser

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Freddie King

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Al Jardine

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George Biondo

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Steve Jones

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Alan Wilson

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Harry Partch

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Bonus:

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Photo: Richard Le Sesne State Archives of Florida, Florida Memory, via Wikimedia Commons
This work is from the Florida Memory Project hosted at the State Archive of Florida, and is released to the public domain in the United States under the terms of Section 257.35(6), Florida Statutes.